cowboy

Cowboy

Cowboy is a small, fast and modular HTTP server written in Erlang.

Goals

Cowboy aims to provide the following advantages:

• Small codebase.
• Damn fast.
• Modular: transport, protocol and handlers are replaceable. (see below)
• Easy to embed inside another application.
• Selectively dispatch requests to handlers, allowing you to send some requests to your embedded code and others to a FastCGI application in PHP or Ruby.
• No parameterized module. No process dictionary. Clean Erlang code.

The server is currently in early development stage. Comments, suggestions are more than welcome. To contribute, either open bug reports, or fork the project and send us pull requests with new or improved functionality. Of course you might want to discuss your plans with us before you do any serious work so we can share ideas and save everyone time.

Embedding Cowboy

• Add Cowboy as a rebar dependency to your application.
• Start Cowboy and add one or more listeners.
• Write handlers.

Getting Started

Cowboy can be started and stopped like any other application. However, the Cowboy application does not start any listener, those must be started manually.

A listener is a special kind of supervisor that handles a pool of acceptor processes. It also manages all its associated request processes. This allows you to shutdown all processes related to a listener by stopping the supervisor.

An acceptor simply accepts connections and forwards them to a protocol module, for example HTTP. You must thus define the transport and protocol module to use for the listener, their options and the number of acceptors in the pool before you can start a listener supervisor.

For HTTP applications the transport can be either TCP or SSL for HTTP and HTTPS respectively. On the other hand, the protocol is of course HTTP.

You can start and stop listeners by calling cowboy:start_listener and cowboy:stop_listener respectively. It is your responsability to give each listener a unique name.

Code speaks more than words:

application:start(cowboy),
Dispatch = [
    %% {Host, list({Path, Handler, Opts})}
    {'_', [{'_', my_handler, []}]}
],
%% Name, NbAcceptors, Transport, TransOpts, Protocol, ProtoOpts
cowboy:start_listener(http, 100,
    cowboy_tcp_transport, [{port, 8080}],
    cowboy_http_protocol, [{dispatch, Dispatch}]
).

You must also write the my_handler module to process requests. You can use one of the predefined handlers or write your own. An hello world HTTP handler could be written like this:

-module(my_handler).
-export([init/3, handle/2, terminate/2]).

init({tcp, http}, Req, Opts) ->
    {ok, Req, undefined}.

handle(Req, State) ->
    {ok, Req2} = cowboy_http_req:reply(200, [], "Hello World!", Req),
    {ok, Req2, State}.

terminate(Req, State) ->
    ok.