Misago/misago/users/tests/test_social_pipeline.py

import json

from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.core import mail
from django.test import RequestFactory
from social_core.backends.github import GithubOAuth2
from social_django.utils import load_strategy

from misago.acl import ACL_CACHE
from misago.acl.useracl import get_user_acl
from misago.conf.dynamicsettings import DynamicSettings
from misago.core.exceptions import SocialAuthFailed, SocialAuthBanned
from misago.conf.test import override_dynamic_settings
from misago.conftest import get_cache_versions
from misago.legal.models import Agreement

from misago.users.models import AnonymousUser, Ban, BanCache
from misago.users.social.pipeline import (
    associate_by_email, create_user, create_user_with_form, get_username, require_activation,
    validate_ip_not_banned, validate_user_not_banned
)
from misago.users.testutils import UserTestCase


UserModel = get_user_model()


def create_request(user_ip='0.0.0.0', data=None):
    factory = RequestFactory()
    if data is None:
        request = factory.get('/')
    else:
        request = factory.post('/', data=json.dumps(data), content_type='application/json')
    request.include_frontend_context = True
    request.cache_versions = get_cache_versions()
    request.frontend_context = {}
    request.session = {}
    request.settings = DynamicSettings(request.cache_versions)
    request.user = AnonymousUser()
    request.user_acl = get_user_acl(request.user, request.cache_versions)
    request.user_ip = user_ip
    return request


def create_strategy():
    request = create_request()
    return load_strategy(request=request)


class MockStrategy(object):
    def __init__(self, user_ip='0.0.0.0'):
        self.cleaned_partial_token = None
        self.request = create_request(user_ip)

    def clean_partial_pipeline(self, token):
        self.cleaned_partial_token = token


class PipelineTestCase(UserTestCase):
    def get_initial_user(self):
        self.user = self.get_authenticated_user()

    def assertNewUserIsCorrect(
        self, new_user, form_data=None, activation=None, email_verified=False
    ):
        self.assertFalse(new_user.has_usable_password())
        self.assertIn('Welcome', mail.outbox[0].subject)

        if form_data:
            self.assertEqual(new_user.email, form_data['email'])
            self.assertEqual(new_user.username, form_data['username'])

        if activation == 'none':
            self.assertEqual(new_user.requires_activation, UserModel.ACTIVATION_NONE)

        if activation == 'user':
            if email_verified:
                self.assertEqual(new_user.requires_activation, UserModel.ACTIVATION_NONE)
            else:
                self.assertEqual(new_user.requires_activation, UserModel.ACTIVATION_USER)

        if activation == 'admin':
            self.assertEqual(new_user.requires_activation, UserModel.ACTIVATION_ADMIN)

        self.assertEqual(new_user.audittrail_set.count(), 1)

    def assertJsonResponseEquals(self, response, value):
        response_content = response.content.decode("utf-8")
        response_json = json.loads(response_content)
        self.assertEqual(response_json, value)


class AssociateByEmailTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def test_skip_if_user_is_already_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user was found by previous step"""
        result = associate_by_email(None, {}, GithubOAuth2, self.user)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_no_email_passed(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if no email was passed"""
        result = associate_by_email(None, {}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_user_with_email_not_found(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if no email was passed"""
        result = associate_by_email(None, {'email': 'not@found.com'}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_raise_if_user_is_inactive(self):
        """pipeline raises if user was inactive"""
        self.user.is_active = False
        self.user.save()

        try:
            associate_by_email(None, {'email': self.user.email}, GithubOAuth2)
            self.fail("associate_by_email should raise SocialAuthFailed")
        except SocialAuthFailed as e:
            self.assertEqual(
                e.message,
                (
                    "The e-mail address associated with your GitHub account is not available for "
                    "use on this site."
                ),
            )

    def test_raise_if_user_needs_admin_activation(self):
        """pipeline raises if user needs admin activation"""
        self.user.requires_activation = UserModel.ACTIVATION_ADMIN
        self.user.save()

        try:
            associate_by_email(None, {'email': self.user.email}, GithubOAuth2)
            self.fail("associate_by_email should raise SocialAuthFailed")
        except SocialAuthFailed as e:
            self.assertEqual(
                e.message,
                (
                    "Your account has to be activated by site administrator before you will be "
                    "able to sign in with GitHub."
                ),
            )

    def test_return_user(self):
        """pipeline returns user if email was found"""
        result = associate_by_email(None, {'email': self.user.email}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': self.user, 'is_new': False})
    
    def test_return_user_email_inactive(self):
        """pipeline returns user even if they didn't activate their account manually"""
        self.user.requires_activation = UserModel.ACTIVATION_USER
        self.user.save()

        result = associate_by_email(None, {'email': self.user.email}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': self.user, 'is_new': False})
    

class CreateUser(PipelineTestCase):
    def test_skip_if_user_is_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user was passed"""
        result = create_user(MockStrategy(), {}, GithubOAuth2(), user=self.user)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_no_email_passed(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if no email was passed"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {},
            GithubOAuth2(),
            clean_username='TestBob',
        )
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_no_clean_username_passed(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if cleaned username wasnt passed"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {'email': 'hello@example.com'},
            GithubOAuth2(),
        )
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_email_is_taken(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if email was taken"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {'email': self.user.email},
            GithubOAuth2(),
            clean_username='NewUser',
        )
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='none')
    def test_user_created_no_activation(self):
        """pipeline step creates active user for valid data and disabled activation"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {'email': 'new@example.com'},
            GithubOAuth2(),
            clean_username='NewUser',
        )
        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='new@example.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {
            'user': new_user,
            'is_new': True,
        })
        self.assertEqual(new_user.username, 'NewUser')
        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, email_verified=True, activation='none')

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='user')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_user(self):
        """pipeline step creates active user for valid data and user activation"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {'email': 'new@example.com'},
            GithubOAuth2(),
            clean_username='NewUser',
        )
        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='new@example.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {
            'user': new_user,
            'is_new': True,
        })
        self.assertEqual(new_user.username, 'NewUser')
        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, email_verified=True, activation='user')

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='admin')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_admin(self):
        """pipeline step creates in user for valid data and admin activation"""
        result = create_user(
            MockStrategy(),
            {'email': 'new@example.com'},
            GithubOAuth2(),
            clean_username='NewUser',
        )
        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='new@example.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {
            'user': new_user,
            'is_new': True,
        })
        self.assertEqual(new_user.username, 'NewUser')
        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, email_verified=True, activation='admin')


class CreateUserWithFormTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super().setUp()

        Agreement.objects.invalidate_cache()

    def tearDown(self):
        super().tearDown()
        
        Agreement.objects.invalidate_cache()

    def test_skip_if_user_is_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user was passed"""
        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=self.user,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(result, {})

    def test_renders_form_if_not_post(self):
        """pipeline step renders form if not POST"""
        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertContains(response, "GitHub")

    def test_empty_data_rejected(self):
        """form rejects empty data"""
        request = create_request(data={})
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
        self.assertJsonResponseEquals(response, {
            'email': ["This field is required."],
            'username': ["This field is required."],
        })

    def test_taken_data_rejected(self):
        """form rejects taken data"""
        request = create_request(data={
            'email': self.user.email,
            'username': self.user.username,
        })
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
        self.assertJsonResponseEquals(response, {
            'email': ["This e-mail address is not available."],
            'username': ["This username is not available."],
        })

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='none')
    def test_user_created_no_activation_verified_email(self):
        """active user is created for verified email and activation disabled"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='none', email_verified=True)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='none')
    def test_user_created_no_activation_nonverified_email(self):
        """active user is created for non-verified email and activation disabled"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': ''},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='none', email_verified=False)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='user')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_user_verified_email(self):
        """active user is created for verified email and activation by user"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='user', email_verified=True)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='user')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_user_nonverified_email(self):
        """inactive user is created for non-verified email and activation by user"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': ''},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='user', email_verified=False)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='admin')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_admin_verified_email(self):
        """inactive user is created for verified email and activation by admin"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='admin', email_verified=True)

    @override_dynamic_settings(account_activation='admin')
    def test_user_created_activation_by_admin_nonverified_email(self):
        """inactive user is created for non-verified email and activation by admin"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': ''},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertNewUserIsCorrect(new_user, form_data, activation='admin', email_verified=False)

    def test_form_check_agreement(self):
        """social register checks agreement"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        agreement = Agreement.objects.create(
            type=Agreement.TYPE_TOS,
            text="Lorem ipsum",
            is_active=True,
        )

        response = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
        self.assertJsonResponseEquals(response, {
            'terms_of_service': ['This agreement is required.'],
        })

        # invalid agreement id
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
            'terms_of_service': agreement.id + 1,
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
        self.assertJsonResponseEquals(response, {
            'terms_of_service': ['This agreement is required.'],
        })

        # valid agreement id
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
            'terms_of_service': agreement.id,
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertEqual(new_user.agreements, [agreement.id])
        self.assertEqual(new_user.useragreement_set.count(), 1)

    def test_form_ignore_inactive_agreement(self):
        """social register ignores inactive agreement"""
        form_data = {
            'email': 'social@auth.com',
            'username': 'SocialUser',
            'terms_of_service': None,
        }
        request = create_request(data=form_data)
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        Agreement.objects.create(
            type=Agreement.TYPE_TOS,
            text="Lorem ipsum",
            is_active=False,
        )

        result = create_user_with_form(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={'email': form_data['email']},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

        new_user = UserModel.objects.get(email='social@auth.com')
        self.assertEqual(result, {'user': new_user, 'is_new': True})

        self.assertEqual(new_user.agreements, [])
        self.assertEqual(new_user.useragreement_set.count(), 0)


class GetUsernameTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def test_skip_if_user_is_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user was passed"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        result = get_username(strategy, {}, None, user=self.user)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_skip_if_no_names(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if API returned no names"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        result = get_username(strategy, {}, None)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_resolve_to_username(self):
        """pipeline step resolves username"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        result = get_username(strategy, {'username': 'BobBoberson'}, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'BobBoberson'})

    def test_normalize_username(self):
        """pipeline step normalizes username"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        result = get_username(strategy, {'username': 'Błop Błoperson'}, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'BlopBloperson'})

    def test_resolve_to_first_name(self):
        """pipeline attempts to use first name because username is taken"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        details = {
            'username': self.user.username,
            'first_name': 'Błob',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'Blob'})

    def test_dont_resolve_to_last_name(self):
        """pipeline will not fallback to last name because username is taken"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        details = {
            'username': self.user.username,
            'last_name': 'Błob',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_resolve_to_first_last_name_first_char(self):
        """pipeline will construct username from first name and first char of surname"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        details = {
            'first_name': self.user.username,
            'last_name': 'Błob',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': self.user.username + 'B'})

    def test_dont_resolve_to_banned_name(self):
        """pipeline will not resolve to banned name"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        Ban.objects.create(banned_value='*Admin*', check_type=Ban.USERNAME)
        details = {
            'username': 'Misago Admin',
            'first_name': 'Błob',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'Blob'})

    def test_resolve_full_name(self):
        """pipeline will resolve to full name"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        Ban.objects.create(banned_value='*Admin*', check_type=Ban.USERNAME)
        details = {
            'username': 'Misago Admin',
            'full_name': 'Błob Błopo',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'BlobBlopo'})

    def test_resolve_to_cut_name(self):
        """pipeline will resolve cut too long name on second pass"""
        strategy = create_strategy()
        details = {
            'username': 'Abrakadabrapokuskonstantynopolitańczykowianeczkatrzy',
        }
        result = get_username(strategy, details, None)
        self.assertEqual(result, {'clean_username': 'Abrakadabrapok'})


class RequireActivationTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super().setUp()

        self.user.requires_activation = UserModel.ACTIVATION_ADMIN
        self.user.save()

    def test_skip_if_user_not_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user is not set"""
        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = require_activation(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(result, {})

    def test_partial_token_if_user_not_set_no_showstopper(self):
        """pipeline step handles set session token if user is not set"""
        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        strategy.request.session['partial_pipeline_token'] = 'test-token'
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        require_activation(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=None,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )

    def test_skip_if_user_is_active(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if user is active"""
        self.user.requires_activation = UserModel.ACTIVATION_NONE
        self.user.save()

        self.assertFalse(self.user.requires_activation)

        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        result = require_activation(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=self.user,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(result, {})

    def test_pipeline_returns_html_responseon_get(self):
        """pipeline step renders http response for GET request and inactive user"""
        request = create_request()
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = require_activation(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=self.user,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        self.assertEqual(response['content-type'], 'text/html; charset=utf-8')

    def test_pipeline_returns_json_response_on_post(self):
        """pipeline step renders json response for POST request and inactive user"""
        request = create_request(data={'username': 'anything'})
        strategy = load_strategy(request=request)
        backend = GithubOAuth2(strategy, '/')

        response = require_activation(
            strategy=strategy,
            details={},
            backend=backend,
            user=self.user,
            pipeline_index=1,
        )
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
        self.assertEqual(response['content-type'], 'application/json')
        self.assertJsonResponseEquals(response, {
            'step': 'done',
            'backend_name': 'GitHub',
            'activation': 'admin',
            'email': 'test@user.com',
            'username': 'TestUser',
        })


class ValidateIpNotBannedTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def test_skip_if_user_not_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if no user was passed"""
        result = validate_ip_not_banned(None, {}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_raise_if_banned(self):
        """pipeline raises if user's IP is banned"""
        Ban.objects.create(banned_value='188.*', check_type=Ban.IP)

        try:
            validate_ip_not_banned(MockStrategy(user_ip='188.1.2.3'), {}, GithubOAuth2, self.user)
            self.fail("validate_ip_not_banned should raise SocialAuthBanned")
        except SocialAuthBanned as e:
            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.ban, Ban))

    def test_exclude_staff(self):
        """pipeline excludes staff from bans"""
        self.user.is_staff = True
        self.user.save()

        Ban.objects.create(banned_value='188.*', check_type=Ban.IP)

        result = validate_ip_not_banned(
            MockStrategy(user_ip='188.1.2.3'), {}, GithubOAuth2, self.user)
        self.assertIsNone(result)


class ValidateUserNotBannedTests(PipelineTestCase):
    def test_skip_if_user_not_set(self):
        """pipeline step is skipped if no user was passed"""
        result = validate_user_not_banned(None, {}, GithubOAuth2)
        self.assertIsNone(result)

    def test_raise_if_banned(self):
        """pipeline raises if user's IP is banned"""
        Ban.objects.create(banned_value=self.user.username, check_type=Ban.USERNAME)

        try:
            validate_user_not_banned(MockStrategy(), {}, GithubOAuth2, self.user)
            self.fail("validate_ip_not_banned should raise SocialAuthBanned")
        except SocialAuthBanned as e:
            self.assertEqual(e.ban.user, self.user)
            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.ban, BanCache))

    def test_exclude_staff(self):
        """pipeline excludes staff from bans"""
        self.user.is_staff = True
        self.user.save()

        Ban.objects.create(banned_value=self.user.username, check_type=Ban.USERNAME)

        result = validate_user_not_banned(MockStrategy(), {}, GithubOAuth2, self.user)
        self.assertIsNone(result)